Amway Vitamin C Extended Release

Amway Vitamin C Extended Release

Salicylic acid

Summary

Salicylic acid is an acid used to treat acne, psoriasis, calluses, corns, keratosis pilaris, and warts.

Brand Names

Actikerall, Bensal, Bioelements Active Astringent, Cantharone Plus, Clearasil, Diprosalic, Keralyt, Salex, Saliject, Salinocaine, Salvax, Ultrasal, Virasal

Generic Name

Salicylic acid

DrugBank Accession Number

DB00936

Background

A compound obtained from the bark of the white willow and wintergreen leaves, and also prepared synthetically. It has bacteriostatic, fungicidal, and keratolytic actions. Its salts, the salicylates, are used as analgesics.

Type

Small Molecule

Groups

Approved, Investigational, Vet approved

Structure

Weight

Average: 138.1207
Monoisotopic: 138.031694058

Chemical Formula

C₇H₆O₃

Synonyms

• 2-Carboxyphenol
• 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid
• ácido salicílico
• Acidum salicylicum
• O-carboxyphenol
• O-hydroxybenzoic acid
• Salicylic acid

External IDs

• FEMA NO. 3985
• K-557
• NSC-180

Indication

Key additive in many skin-care products for the treatment of acne, psoriasis, callouses, corns, keratosis pilaris and warts.

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Associated Conditions

• Acne
• Actinic Keratosis (AK)
• Alopecia Areata (AA)
• Atopic Dermatitis
• Blackheads
• Chronic Eczema
• Corns
• Dandruff
• Dermatitis, Contact
• Dermatitis, Eczematous of the scalp
• Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE)
• Foot Callus
• Fungal skin infection
• Furuncle
• Hand Eczema
• Hyperkeratosis
• Hyperkeratosis follicularis et parafollicularis
• Infections, Fungal
• Infections, Fungal of the Skin Folds
• Infections, Fungal of the face
• Infections, Fungal of the feet
• Infections, Fungal of the hand
• Keratosis Palmaris et Plantaris
• Lichen
• Lichen Planopilaris
• Lichen Planus (LP)
• Lichen simplex chronicus
• Lupus Erythematosus, Chronic Cutaneous
• Molluscum Contagiosum
• Musculoskeletal Pain
• Neurodermatitis
• Palmoplantar Pustulosis (PPP)
• Plantar Warts
• Pruritus
• Psoriasis (PsO)
• Psoriasis Vulgaris (Plaque Psoriasis)
• Psoriasis of the scalp
• Rash
• Ringworm of the Skin
• Ringworm of the scalp
• Seborrheic Dermatitis
• Seborrhoeic Dermatitis of the Scalp
• Skin Infections, Bacterial
• Verruca (Warts)
• Verrucous Psoriasis
• Calluses
• Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses
• Keratinization disorders
• Scaling
• Scaling of skin
• Scalp seborrhea
• Superficial Fungal skin infection

Associated Therapies

• Keratolysis

Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings

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Pharmacodynamics

Salicylic acid treats acne by causing skin cells to slough off more readily, preventing pores from clogging up. This effect on skin cells also makes salicylic acid an active ingredient in several shampoos meant to treat dandruff. Use of straight salicylic solution may cause hyperpigmentation on unpretreated skin for those with darker skin types (Fitzpatrick phototypes IV, V, VI), as well as with the lack of use of a broad spectrum sunblock. Subsalicylate in combination with bismuth form the popular stomach relief aid known commonly as Pepto-Bismol. When combined the two key ingredients help control diarrhea, nausea, heartburn, and even gas. It is also very mildly anti-biotic.

Mechanism of action

Salicylic acid directly irreversibly inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 to decrease conversion of arachidonic acid to precursors of prostaglandins and thromboxanes. Salicylate's use in rheumatic diseases is due to it's analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. Salicylic acid is a key ingredient in many skin-care products for the treatment of acne, psoriasis, calluses, corns, keratosis pilaris, and warts. Salicylic acid allows cells of the epidermis to more readily slough off. Because of its effect on skin cells, salicylic acid is used in several shampoos used to treat dandruff. Salicylic acid is also used as an active ingredient in gels which remove verrucas (plantar warts). Salicylic acid competitively inhibits oxidation of uridine-5-diphosphoglucose (UDPG) with nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide (NAD) and noncompetitively with UDPG. It also competitively inhibits the transferring of the glucuronyl group of uridine-5-phosphoglucuronic acid (UDPGA) to a phenolic acceptor. Inhibition of mucopoly saccharide synthesis is likely responsible for the slowing of wound healing with salicylates.

Target	Actions	Organism
AProstaglandin G/H synthase 1	inhibitor	Humans
AProstaglandin G/H synthase 2	inhibitor	Humans
UAldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1	inhibitor	Humans

Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

The volume of distribution is about 170 mL/kg of body weight.³

Protein binding

Salicylic acid is about 90% plasma protein bound.³

Metabolism

Salicylic acid is extensively metabolized.³

Route of elimination

About 10% is excreted unchanged in the urine.³

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects

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Toxicity

Oral rat LD50: 891 mg/kg. Inhalation rat LC50: > 900 mg/m3/1hr. Irritation: skin rabbit: 500 mg/24H mild. Eye rabbit: 100 mg severe. Investigated a mutagen and reproductive effector.

Pathways

Pathway	Category
Salicylic Acid Action Pathway	Drug action

Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs

Not Available

Drug Interactions

This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.

• Approved
• Vet approved
• Nutraceutical
• Illicit
• Withdrawn
• Investigational
• Experimental
• All Drugs

Drug	Interaction
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Abacavir	Salicylic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Abacavir which could result in a higher serum level.
Abatacept	The metabolism of Salicylic acid can be increased when combined with Abatacept.
Abciximab	The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Salicylic acid is combined with Abciximab.
Abiraterone	The metabolism of Salicylic acid can be decreased when combined with Abiraterone.
Acamprosate	The excretion of Acamprosate can be decreased when combined with Salicylic acid.
Acarbose	Salicylic acid may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Acarbose.
Acebutolol	Salicylic acid may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Acebutolol.
Aceclofenac	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Salicylic acid is combined with Aceclofenac.
Acemetacin	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Salicylic acid is combined with Acemetacin.
Acenocoumarol	The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Salicylic acid is combined with Acenocoumarol.

Food Interactions

No interactions found.

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Product Ingredients

Ingredient	UNII	CAS	InChI Key
Choline magnesium trisalicylate	DJJ95FJP1H	64425-90-7	FQCQGOZEWWPOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-K
Diethylamine salicylate	5V7PT38BJU	4419-92-5	JGMKRAUEFASZKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Potassium salicylate	K91YT16P5M	578-36-9	FRMWBRPWYBNAFB-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Sodium salicylate	WIQ1H85SYP	54-21-7	ABBQHOQBGMUPJH-UHFFFAOYSA-M

Active Moieties

Name	Kind	UNII	CAS	InChI Key
Benzoic acid	unknown	8SKN0B0MIM	65-85-0	WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Product Images

International/Other Brands

Dr. Scholl's Callus Removers / Dr. Scholl's Corn Removers / Dr. Scholl's Wart Remover Kit / Duofil Wart Remover / Duoplant / Ionil Plus shampoo / Salonil / Salsonin / Stridex

Brand Name Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
28.5% Salicylic Acid	Solution	285 mg/1mL	Topical	Elorac, Inc.	2018-04-30	Not applicable
AcNesic Acne Treatment	Gel	0.5 g/100g	Topical	Blaine Labs Inc.	2021-04-06	Not applicable
Aliclen	Shampoo	60 mg/1mL	Topical	Prasco, Laboratories	2011-02-02	2014-01-31
Bensal HP	Ointment	30 mg/1g	Topical	Smg Pharmaceuticals, Llc	1998-10-01	Not applicable
Bioelements Active Astringent	Liquid	0.5 mL/100mL	Topical	Bioelements	2009-01-01	Not applicable
Choline Magnesium Trisalicylate	Liquid	500 mg/5mL	Oral	Lannett Company, Inc.	1997-02-05	Not applicable
Durasal	Solution	260 mg/1mL	Topical	Elorac, Inc.	2009-08-03	2010-05-04
Keralyt	Shampoo	6 g/92.6mL	Topical	Summers Laboratories Inc	2009-11-01	Not applicable
Keralyt	Gel	6 g/100g	Topical	Physicians Total Care, Inc.	2009-12-10	2013-01-15
Keralyt	Shampoo	5 g/100mL	Topical	Summers Laboratories Inc	2013-10-30	2019-09-03

Over the Counter Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
24 Hour Pimple Punisher		2 g/100mL	Topical	KATE SOMERVILLE SKINCARE, LLC	2014-06-22	2018-11-18
28 Remedy Acne Pore Deep Cleanser	Gel	0.6 g/120mL	Topical	NoTS Co.,Ltd	2016-01-02	2018-12-01
28 Remedy Balancing Toner 10mL	Cream	0.001 mg/10mL	Topical	NoTS Co Ltd	2015-09-01	2018-12-01
3 in 1 Cleanser	Liquid	1 mg/1mg	Topical	SGII, INC.	2018-06-29	2020-09-30
3 in 1 Cleanser	Liquid	1 g/100g	Topical	SGII, INC.	2020-09-16	Not applicable
3-1 Acne Treatment Pads	Swab	0.024 g/1	Topical	NATURAL ESSENTIALS, INC.	2020-11-02	Not applicable
AC Out Spot stOp Serum	Liquid	0.1 mg/100mL	Topical	The Doctors Cosmetics Co., Ltd	2012-09-27	Not applicable
Ac7	Gel	0.000001 g/10mL	Topical	Micell Korea Co.,ltd	2017-03-20	Not applicable
Acence Tea Tree Tock Blemish Spot	Solution	22.5 mg/15mL	Topical	Mizon Co., Ltd.	2015-12-01	Not applicable
Acne	Cream	14 g/100g	Topical	Greenbrier International, Inc.	2013-01-01	Not applicable

Mixture Products

Name	Ingredients	Dosage	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
24 Alopecia Reliefshampoo	Salicylic acid (0.25 g/100mL) + Menthol (0.3 g/100mL) + Panthenol (0.2 g/100mL)	Shampoo	Topical	DERMA CENTRIC INC	2020-08-08	Not applicable
3 Part Acne Treatment Kit Ceela Naturaals	Salicylic acid (20 mg/1mL) + Salicylic acid (20 mg/1mL)	Kit	Topical	Ceela Naturals, Llc	2017-10-09	Not applicable
3 Part Acne Treatment Kit Ceela Naturaals	Salicylic acid (20 mg/1mL) + Salicylic acid (20 mg/1mL)	Kit	Topical	Ceela Naturals, Llc	2017-10-09	Not applicable
Acne Advanced Treatment System	Salicylic acid (10 mg/1mL) + Salicylic acid (5 mg/1mL) + Salicylic acid (10 mg/1mL)	Kit	Topical	Eminence Organic Skin Care Ltd.	2018-09-01	Not applicable
Acne Advanced Treatment System	Salicylic acid (10 mg/1mL) + Salicylic acid (5 mg/1mL) + Salicylic acid (10 mg/1mL)	Kit	Topical	Eminence Organic Skin Care Ltd.	2018-09-01	Not applicable
Acne Advanced Treatment System	Salicylic acid (10 mg/1mL) + Salicylic acid (5 mg/1mL) + Salicylic acid (10 mg/1mL)	Kit	Topical	Eminence Organic Skin Care Ltd.	2018-09-01	Not applicable
Acne Clearning Treatment Face	Salicylic acid (.0048 mg/.024mg) + Benzoyl peroxide (.006 mg/.024mg) + Octasulfur (.012 mg/.024mg)	Liquid	Topical	Care Pluss Pharma S.A. De C.V.	2012-08-06	Not applicable
Acne Free SENSITIVE SKIN 24 HR Acne Clearing System	Salicylic acid (15 mg/1mL) + Benzoyl peroxide (30 mg/1mL)		Topical	AcneFree LLC	2017-12-01	Not applicable
Acne Treatment System	Salicylic acid (20 mg/1mL) + Benzoyl peroxide (50 mg/1mL)	Kit	Topical	Vivier Pharma, Inc.	2017-11-11	Not applicable
Acne Treatment System	Salicylic acid (2 % w/w) + Benzoyl peroxide (5 % w/w)	Kit; Liquid; Lotion	Topical	Vivier Canada Incorporated	2013-11-15	Not applicable

Unapproved/Other Products

Name	Ingredients	Dosage	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
24 Alopecia Reliefshampoo	Salicylic acid (0.25 g/100mL) + Menthol (0.3 g/100mL) + Panthenol (0.2 g/100mL)	Shampoo	Topical	DERMA CENTRIC INC	2020-08-08	Not applicable
28 Remedy Balancing Toner 10mL	Salicylic acid (0.001 mg/10mL)	Cream	Topical	NoTS Co Ltd	2015-09-01	2018-12-01
28.5% Salicylic Acid	Salicylic acid (285 mg/1mL)	Solution	Topical	Elorac, Inc.	2018-04-30	Not applicable
AC Out Spot stOp Serum	Salicylic acid (0.1 mg/100mL)	Liquid	Topical	The Doctors Cosmetics Co., Ltd	2012-09-27	Not applicable
Ac7	Salicylic acid (0.000001 g/10mL)	Gel	Topical	Micell Korea Co.,ltd	2017-03-20	Not applicable
AcNesic Acne Treatment	Salicylic acid (0.5 g/100g)	Gel	Topical	Blaine Labs Inc.	2021-04-06	Not applicable
Add More Hair	Salicylic acid (0.2 g/100mL) + Panthenol (0.5 g/100mL) + Pyrithione zinc (0.29 g/100mL)	Shampoo	Topical	Coretree Co.,Ltd	2017-03-01	2018-09-04
Add More Hair	Salicylic acid (0.2 g/100mL) + Panthenol (0.5 g/100mL) + Pyrithione zinc (0.28 g/100mL)	Shampoo	Topical	Coretree Co.,Ltd	2018-06-09	2018-09-05
Aliclen	Salicylic acid (60 mg/1mL)	Shampoo	Topical	Prasco, Laboratories	2011-02-02	2014-01-31
Atomy Hair Treatment	Salicylic acid (0.38 mg/200mL) + Menthol (0.60 mg/200mL) + Panthenol (0.40 mg/200mL)	Liquid	Topical	Atomy Co., Ltd.	2015-02-01	2017-12-01

ATC Codes

D01AE12 — Salicylic acid

• D01AE — Other antifungals for topical use
• D01A — ANTIFUNGALS FOR TOPICAL USE
• D01 — ANTIFUNGALS FOR DERMATOLOGICAL USE
• D — DERMATOLOGICALS

N02BA04 — Sodium salicylate

• N02BA — Salicylic acid and derivatives
• N02B — OTHER ANALGESICS AND ANTIPYRETICS
• N02 — ANALGESICS
• N — NERVOUS SYSTEM

N02BA12 — Potassium salicylate

• N02BA — Salicylic acid and derivatives
• N02B — OTHER ANALGESICS AND ANTIPYRETICS
• N02 — ANALGESICS
• N — NERVOUS SYSTEM

S01BC08 — Salicylic acid

• S01BC — Antiinflammatory agents, non-steroids
• S01B — ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENTS
• S01 — OPHTHALMOLOGICALS
• S — SENSORY ORGANS

Drug Categories

• Acids, Carbocyclic
• Agents causing hyperkalemia
• Agents that produce hypertension
• Analgesics
• Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
• Anti-Infective Agents
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal (Non-Selective)
• Antifungal Agents
• Antifungals for Dermatological Use
• Antifungals for Topical Use
• Benzene Derivatives
• Benzoates
• Central Nervous System Agents
• Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Substrates
• Cytochrome P-450 Substrates
• Dermatologicals
• Enzyme Inhibitors
• Hydroxy Acids
• Hydroxybenzoates
• Keratolytic Agents
• Nephrotoxic agents
• Nervous System
• Nitrogen Binding Agent
• Non COX-2 selective NSAIDS
• OAT1/SLC22A6 inhibitors
• OAT3/SLC22A8 Inhibitors
• OATP2B1/SLCO2B1 substrates
• Ophthalmologicals
• Peripheral Nervous System Agents
• Phenols
• Salicylates
• Salicylic Acid and Derivatives
• Sclerosing Solutions
• Sensory Organs
• Sensory System Agents

Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire

Description

This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as salicylic acids. These are ortho-hydroxylated benzoic acids.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Benzenoids

Class

Benzene and substituted derivatives

Sub Class

Benzoic acids and derivatives

Direct Parent

Salicylic acids

Alternative Parents

Benzoic acids / Benzoyl derivatives / 1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoids / 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids / Vinylogous acids / Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids / Organooxygen compounds / Organic oxides / Hydrocarbon derivatives

Substituents

1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid / 1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid / Aromatic homomonocyclic compound / Benzoic acid / Benzoyl / Carboxylic acid / Carboxylic acid derivative / Hydrocarbon derivative / Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives / Organic oxide

Molecular Framework

Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds

External Descriptors

monohydroxybenzoic acid (CHEBI:16914)

Affected organisms

• Humans and other mammals

UNII

O414PZ4LPZ

CAS number

69-72-7

InChI Key

YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI

InChI=1S/C7H6O3/c8-6-4-2-1-3-5(6)7(9)10/h1-4,8H,(H,9,10)

IUPAC Name

2-hydroxybenzoic acid

SMILES

OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O

Synthesis Reference

Howard Jones, Robert W. Houser, "Process for preparing 4-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-salicyclic acid." U.S. Patent US4225730, issued August, 1972.

US4225730

General References

1. Vane JR: Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis as a mechanism of action for aspirin-like drugs. Nat New Biol. 1971 Jun 23;231(25):232-5. [Article]
2. Flower R, Gryglewski R, Herbaczynska-Cedro K, Vane JR: Effects of anti-inflammatory drugs on prostaglandin biosynthesis. Nat New Biol. 1972 Jul 26;238(82):104-6. [Article]
3. FDA Approved Drug Products: HELIDAC Therapy (bismuth subsalicylate, metronidazole, and tetracycline) [Link]

External Links

Human Metabolome Database

HMDB0001895

KEGG Drug

D00097

KEGG Compound

C00805

PubChem Compound

338

PubChem Substance

46504942

ChemSpider

331

BindingDB

26193

RxNav

9525

ChEBI

16914

ChEMBL

CHEMBL424

ZINC

ZINC000000001554

Therapeutic Targets Database

DAP000731

PharmGKB

PA451299

Guide to Pharmacology

GtP Drug Page

PDBe Ligand

SAL

Wikipedia

Salicylic_acid

PDB Entries

1fiq / 1fo4 / 1jgs / 1m6e / 1pth / 1wyg / 1y7i / 2e1q / 2fn1 / 2i2z … show 54 more

Clinical Trials

Phase	Status	Purpose	Conditions	Count
4	Completed	Treatment	Acne	2
4	Completed	Treatment	Acne Vulgaris	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Melasma	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Skin Diseases	1
4	Not Yet Recruiting	Treatment	Acne Vulgaris	1
4	Terminated	Treatment	Keratosis Pilaris (KP)	1
4	Unknown Status	Treatment	Quality of Life (QOL) / Seborrheic Dermatitis	1
4	Unknown Status	Treatment	Verruca (Warts)	1
3	Completed	Treatment	Actinic Keratosis (AK)	1
3	Completed	Treatment	Eligible Men or Women Considered High Risk for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)	1

Manufacturers

Not Available

Packagers

• 7 Oaks Pharmaceutical Corp.
• Aeropak (Uk)
• Auriga Pharmaceuticals LLC
• Avidas Pharmaceuticals
• Breckenridge Pharmaceuticals
• Collegium Pharmaceutical Inc.
• Contract Pharm
• Coria Laboratories
• Direct Dispensing Inc.
• DPT Laboratories Ltd.
• Elorac Inc.
• EMS Acquisition Corp.
• Groupe Parima Inc.
• Harmony Laboratories Inc.
• Hi Tech Pharmacal Co. Inc.
• JSJ Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• Kaiser Foundation Hospital
• Kamins Dermatologics Inc.
• Major Pharmaceuticals
• Medtech Labs
• Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
• Nucare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• Onset Therapeutics LLC
• PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• PEDiNOL
• Perrigo Co.
• Pharmedix
• Physicians Total Care Inc.
• Pliva Inc.
• Prasco Labs
• PruGen Inc. Pharmaceuticals
• Qualitest
• River's Edge Pharmaceuticals
• Seton Pharmaceuticals LLC
• Sheffield Laboratories Div Faria Limited LLC
• Sonar Products Inc.
• Southwood Pharmaceuticals
• Span Packaging Services LLC
• Stiefel Labs
• Summers Labs
• Valeant Ltd.

Dosage Forms

Form	Route	Strength
Gel	Topical	0.6 g/120mL
Cream	Topical	0.001 mg/10mL
Liquid	Topical	1 g/100g
Liquid	Topical	1 mg/1mg
Swab	Topical	0.024 g/1
Liquid	Topical	0.1 mg/100mL
Gel	Topical	0.000001 g/10mL
Solution	Topical	22.5 mg/15mL
Ointment	Topical
Cream	Topical	14 g/100g
Liquid	Topical	1.2 g/240mL
Disc	Topical	20 g/1000g
Gel	Topical	7 mg/354mg
Gel	Topical	0.02158 g/100mL
Liquid	Topical	0.02 g/1
Soap	Topical	3.4 g/168g
Spray	Topical	0.5 g/100mL
Liquid	Topical	29.2 mg/1
Lotion	Topical	1 g/50mL
Cream	Topical	18 mg/1g
Liquid	Topical	0.75 mg/150mL
Gel	Topical	0.5 %
Gel	Topical	20 g/100g
Lotion	Topical	18.6 mg/1mL
Lotion	Topical	0.295 g/59mL
Gel	Topical	21 mg/1mL
Gel	Topical	0.01 g/1g
Cream	Topical	0.5 mg/1mL
Cream	Topical	0.15 g/30g
Solution	Topical	0.2 g/40g
Lotion	Topical	1.0 mL/100mL
Liquid	Topical	.5 g/100mL
Liquid	Topical	.5 g/.5mL
Cream	Topical	0.5 g/100mL
Gel	Topical	5 mg/1g
Cream	Topical	2 g/1mL
Patch	Topical	2 g/100mL
Kit; liquid; lotion	Topical
Liquid	Topical	2 g/200mL
Liquid	Topical	2 g/100mL
Swab	Topical	.5 g/100mL
Swab	Topical	5 mg/1000mg
Swab	Topical	5 mg/1mL
Spray	Topical	2.84 g/142g
Solution	Topical	20 mg/1
Gel	Topical	2 mg/100mL
Cloth	Topical	5 mg/1
Gel	Topical	0.6 g/30mL
Lotion	Topical	1.0 mg/1mL
Liquid	Topical	1.93 mL/96.5mL
Cream	Topical	1.5 %
Cream	Cutaneous	0.3 g/15mL
Solution	Cutaneous
Patch	Topical	2 mg/100mg
Soap	Topical	2 g/100g
Plaster	Topical	.4 1/1001
Plaster	Topical	40 1/1
Aerosol, foam	Topical	1.5 g/100g
Cloth	Topical	2 g/1
Cream	Topical	2 g/100g
Cloth	Topical	2 g/101
Cloth	Topical	2 g/301
Emulsion	Topical	2 g/100g
Lotion	Topical	1 g/100g
Lotion	Topical	2.0 g/100g
Lotion	Topical	2.0 mL/100mL
Cream	Topical	2.0 g/100g
Cream	Topical	10 %
Spray	Topical
Shampoo	Topical	60 mg/1mL
Gel	Topical	.5 %
Powder	Topical	0.6 mg/1mL
Liquid	Topical	0.01 g/1mL
Liquid	Topical	2 mg/2mL
Liquid	Topical	0.5 mg/1mL
Emulsion	Topical	1 mg/1mL
Powder	Topical	0.002 g/1g
Powder	Topical	0.6 %
Strip	Topical	1.4 %
Liquid; swab	Topical	.5 %
Liquid	Topical	.5 %
Liquid	Topical	1.0 g/200mL
Liquid	Topical	0.25 g/50mL
Liquid	Topical	0.018 mg/1mg
Lotion	Topical	250 g/5g
Shampoo	Topical	200 g/6g
Cream	Topical	50 g/1g
Gel	Oral; Topical	2 g
Gel	Topical	2 g
Lotion	Topical	2 g
Cream	Topical	0.08 g/20mL
Cream	Topical	5 mg/1g
Gel	Topical	15 mg/1g
Gel	Topical	2 mL/100mL
Shampoo	Topical	0.2 g/100mL
Liquid	Topical	0.1 g/100mL
Gel	Topical	15 uL/1mL
Swab	Topical	10 uL/1mL
Jelly	Topical	1 %
Rinse	Topical	2.0 g/397g
Shampoo	Topical	2.0 g/414g
Lotion	Topical	2 g/100g
Disc	Topical	20 mg/1
Stick	Topical	2 g/100g
Lotion	Topical	1 mg/100mL
Lotion	Topical	10 mg/1g
Lotion	Topical	5 % w/v
Spray	Topical	2 g/100mL
Shampoo	Topical	30 mg/100mL
Shampoo	Topical	3 mg/100mL
Paste	Topical	0.0401 g
Swab	Topical	0.0046 g/1
Lotion	Topical	0.75 mg/150mL
Lotion	Topical	11 mg/1mL
Oil	Topical	18 mg/1mL
Cloth	Topical	20 mg/1mL
Cloth	Topical	176 mg/1
Lotion	Topical	8 mg/1mL
Cloth	Topical	0.5 g/100g
Cream	Topical	.5 mL/100mL
Lotion	Topical	2 mL/100mL
Shampoo	Topical	2 g/414g
Rinse	Topical	2 g/397g
Patch	Topical	0.5 g/100g
Solution	Topical	1.5 g/100mL
Solution	Topical	15 mg/1g
Soap	Topical	0.50 %
Soap	Topical	0.5 g/100g
Cloth	Topical	6 mg/1
Soap	Topical	.5 %
Soap	Topical	5 mg/1g
Lotion	Topical	0.7 %
Jelly	Topical
Stick	Topical
Stick	Topical	2 %
Lotion	Topical	1.5 %
Liquid	Topical	1.5 %
Swab	Topical	40 %
Emulsion	Topical	20 mg/1mL
Emulsion	Topical	10 mg/1g
Powder	Topical	30 mg/6g
Liquid	Topical	5 mg/100mL
Gel	Topical	1.3 g/91g
Liquid	Topical	2.1 g/100mL
Solution	Topical	.5 g/100mL
Lotion	Topical	0.064 % w/v
Ointment	Topical	0.05 % w/w
Lotion	Topical	1 %
Ointment	Topical	0.5 mg/g
Ointment	Topical	0.1 g/100g
Shampoo	Topical	0.24 mg/355mL
Spray	Topical	2 mg/355mL
Ointment	Topical	2.8 g/140g
Gel	Topical	1.8 %
Liquid	Topical	0.5 mL/100mL
Gel	Topical	1.27 g/127g
Gel	Topical	2.5 g/127g
Liquid	Topical	4.3 g/200mL
Liquid	Topical	4.56 g/236mL
Suspension	Topical	0.5 g/100mL
Gel	Topical	2 g/200mL
Gel	Topical	1.3 g/127g
Liquid	Topical	2.8 g/141g
Liquid	Topical	2.54 g/127g
Shampoo	Topical	0.6 g/300mL
Spray	Topical	0.24 g/120mL
Shampoo	Topical	0.4 g/200mL
Gel	Topical	19.4 mg/1g
Rinse	Topical	0.2 mg/100mg
Cream	Topical	0.0116 g/100mL
Lotion	Topical	0.587 g/118mL
Liquid	Topical	15 mg/1mL
Lotion	Topical	2 g/120mL
Cloth	Topical	0.8 mg/80g
Lotion	Topical	1.5 g/15mL
Lotion	Topical	0.6 g/200mL
Lotion	Topical	0.6 g/100mL
Lotion	Topical	2 g/40mL
Cloth	Topical	10 mg/1
Strip	Topical	0.03 mg/1
Lotion	Topical	0.75 g/100mL
Spray	Topical	20 mg/1g
Gel	Topical	25 mg/1mL
Gel	Topical	1.25 g/250mL
Liquid	Topical	10 mg/1mL
Powder	Topical
Gel	Topical	0.4 g/20g
Patch	Transdermal	0.5 1/1
Solution	Topical	20 g
Solution	Oral; Topical	12.6 g
Ointment	Topical	5 g/1g
Patch	Topical	0.19 mg/1
Patch	Topical	11.9 mg/21
Shampoo	Topical	0.3 g/100mL
Liquid	Topical	0.2 g/100mL
Plaster	Topical	40 %
Plaster	Topical
Ointment	Topical	10 mg/1g
Liquid	Transdermal
Lotion	Topical	2 % w/v
Cream	Topical	20.6 mg/1mL
Liquid	Oral	500 mg/5mL
Powder	Topical	1 g/100g
Cream	Topical	0.156 g/8.9mL
Cream	Topical	0.28 g/14g
Liquid	Topical	0.623 g/130mL
Liquid	Topical	0.691 g/133mL
Paste	Topical	5 mg/1g
Liquid	Topical	0.07 g/30mL
Kit	Topical	0.5 g/100mL
Swab	Topical	2 g/100mL
Spray	Topical	2 g/118mL
Liquid	Topical	14.4 mg/1mL
Lotion	Topical	28.8 mg/1mL
Liquid	Topical	28.8 mg/1mL
Gel	Topical	2 g/151mL
Gel	Topical	30 mg/1mL
Lotion	Topical
Cream	Topical	50 mg/1mL
Liquid	Topical	50 mg/1mL
Gel	Topical	1.0 g/100g
Lotion	Topical	0.5 g/100mL
Gel	Topical	0.3 g/15mL
Cream	Topical	0.6 g/60mL
Liquid	Topical	2.4 g/240mL
Cloth	Topical	283.5 mg/56.7g
Lotion	Topical	0.0053 g/100mL
Lotion	Topical	0.0091 g/100mL
Cloth	Topical	0.5 mg/90mL
Gel	Topical	0.5 mg/118mL
Lotion	Topical	2 mg/15mL
Lotion	Topical	0.5 mg/50mL
Lotion	Topical	0.01015 g/1mL
Kit; oil	Topical	0.3 g/50mL
Liquid	Topical	2.00 %
Gel	Topical	1 g/100mL
Gel	Topical	2 %
Solution	Topical	2 g/100g
Salve	Topical	20 mg/1mL
Liquid	Topical	3.57 mg/1mL
Cloth	Topical	10 mg/1mL
Aerosol, foam	Topical	20 mg/1mL
Gel	Topical	2 g/100g
Lotion	Topical	0.01 g/1g
Lotion	Topical	.01 g/1g
Cream	Topical	.02 g/1g
Lotion	Topical	7 mg/1mL
Solution	Topical	0.03 g/1
Solution	Topical	0.01 g/1
Solution	Topical	0.015 g/1
Lotion	Topical	1 g/100mL
Solution	Topical	1 g/100mL
Liquid	Topical	2 %
Solution	Topical	1.25 g
Cloth	Topical	0.02 g/1
Cloth	Topical	0.03 g/1
Lotion	Topical	1.9 g/100mL
Cream	Topical	1.9 g/100mL
Solution	Topical	0.02 g/1
Solution	Topical	2 g/100mL
Lotion	Topical	2 g/100mL
Gel	Topical	10 g/0.2g
Cream	Topical	50 g/0.5g
Gel	Topical	0.5 g/100g
Gel	Topical	18.4 mg/1mL
Cream	Topical	10 mg/1g
Lotion	Topical	0.5 g/59g
Liquid	Topical	5 mL/250mL
Paste	Topical	5 mg/1mL
Lotion	Topical	0.6 mL/30mL
Liquid	Topical	10 mg/1g
Gel	Topical	0.3 mL/15mL
Cream	Topical	1.5 mL/75mL
Gel	Topical	0.022 mL/1.1mL
Cream	Topical	1 mL/50mL
Gel	Topical	0.375 mL/75mL
Gel	Topical	5 mg/1mL
Gel	Topical	0.30 mL/15mL
Liquid	Topical	20 mg/1mL
Kit	Topical
Stick	Topical	2 g/2mL
Spray	Topical	2 %
Liquid	Topical	1 %
Cream	Topical	1 %
Gel	Topical	1 %
Powder	Topical	0.5 g/100g
Liquid	Topical	2.5 mg/500mL
Ointment	Topical	2 % w/w
Liquid	Topical	1.5 g/100mL
Solution	Topical	100 mg
Gel	Topical	0.17 g/7g
Gel	Topical	170 mg/1g
Gel	Topical	17 %
Liquid	Topical	20 %
Liquid	Topical	30 %
Cream	Topical	2 1/100g
Emulsion	Topical	0.24 mg/29.6mg
Emulsion	Topical	1.89 mg/237mg
Powder, for solution	Oral
Plaster	Topical	40 mg/1
Ointment	Topical	15 %
Cream	Topical	1 g/100g
Gel	Topical	0.3 mg/30mL
Stick	Topical	0.025 g/2.5g
Gel	Topical	0.1425 g/30mL
Cream	Topical	1 mg/100mL
Liquid	Topical	2 mg/30mg
Cream	Topical	1.5 g/50mL
Stick	Topical	2 mg/100mg
Patch	Topical	40 mg/1
Gel	Topical	20 mg/1mL
Soap	Topical	20 mg/1mL
Liquid	Topical	5 mg/1mL
Stick	Topical	40 g/100g
Soap	Topical	20 mg/1g
Shampoo	Topical	30 mg/1mL
Liquid	Topical	3 g/100mL
Liquid	Topical	20.5 mg/1mL
Shampoo	Topical	0.018 g/1mL
Swab	Topical	0.02 mL/1
Cream	Topical	5.05 mg/1mL
Solution	Topical	2.4 mL/120mL
Cream	Topical	1 mg/1mg
Lotion	Topical	0.015 g/1g
Liquid	Topical	17.64 mg/1mL
Paste	Topical	20 mg/1g
Shampoo	Topical	0.03 g/1mL
Lotion	Topical	.5 %
Lotion	Topical	2 mg/1mL
Gel	Topical	2 mg/1g
Liquid	Topical	20 mg/1g
Soap	Topical
Lotion	Topical	10 uL/1mL
Gel	Topical	3 %
Gel	Topical	3.54 mL/118mL
Liquid	Topical	0.5 g/100g
Liquid	Topical	50.5 mg/2.5mL
Lotion	Topical	30 mg/1.5mL
Shampoo	Topical	3.0 %
Shampoo	Topical	0.035 g/1g
Soap	Topical	4.8 g/240g
Solution	Topical	20 mg/1mL
Ointment
Liquid	Topical	0.25 g/100mL
Liquid	Topical	25 g/100mL
Shampoo	Topical	1.25 g/500mL
Tablet	Oral	325 mg
Tablet	Oral	325 mg / tab
Tablet	Oral	500 mg / tab
Solution / drops	Buccal
Ointment	Topical	20 mg/1mL
Cream	Topical	0.75 g/150mL
Gel	Topical	1 g/50mL
Cream	Topical	0.01 g/15mL
Spray	Topical	0.14 g/140mL
Gel	Topical	0.1 g/100mL
Liquid	Topical	0.3 g/10mL
Shampoo	Topical	0.25 mg/100mL
Liquid	Topical	0.17 g/70mL
Liquid	Topical	12.64 %
Solution	Topical	150 mg/1mL
Disc	Topical	4 mg/1
Solution	Topical	1.7 mg/1mL
Disc	Topical	0.4 g/1
Disc	Topical	4.00 mg/1
Liquid	Topical	0.48 mL/100mL
Liquid	Topical	0.48 g/100mL
Liquid	Cutaneous	0.5 mg/100mg
Cream	Cutaneous	0.5 mg/100mg
Cream	Topical	0.00001 g/100mL
Solution	Topical	16.7 %
Tincture	Topical	15 %
Gel	Topical	11 %
Liquid	Topical	150.28 mg/1mL
Gel	Topical	27 g
Solution	Topical	260 mg/1mL
Patch	Topical	3.0 mg/30mL
Patch	Topical	0.002 1/1
Lotion	Topical
Cream	Topical	2.0 g/100mL
Powder	Topical	1.0 g/100g
Paste	Topical	2.0 g/100g
Liquid	Topical	1.0 g/100g
Paste	Topical	1.0 g/100g
Ointment	Topical	1 mg/g
Stick	Topical	2 g/100mL
Cream	Topical	0.5 g/100g
Lotion	Topical	1.0 mg/1g
Cream	Topical	2.8 g/141g
Ointment	Cutaneous
Gel	Topical	0.006 g/1g
Gel	Topical	20 g/1000mL
Liquid, extended release	Topical	2 mg/100mL
Paste	Topical	20 mg/1mL
Swab	Topical	20 mg/1
Shampoo	Topical	20 mg/1mL
Liquid	Topical	170 mL/1mL
Liquid	Topical	40 mg/1
Cream	Topical	1 g/100mL
Gel	Topical	50 mg/1mL
Tablet, film coated	Oral
Gel	Topical	0.5 g/100mL
Liquid	Topical	17 g/100mL
Patch	Topical	0.012 mg/3mg
Cloth	Topical	2 g/100mL
Solution	Buccal; Oral
Disc	Topical	2 g/100mL
Soap	Topical	2 %
Cream	Topical	2 %
Liquid	Topical	2.16 mg/120mL
Liquid	Topical	158.4 mg/1mL
Solution	Topical	13.4 g
Cream, augmented	Topical	5 mg/1mL
Lotion	Topical	7.2 % w/v
Lotion	Topical	5 mg/100mL
Shampoo	Topical	2 mg/100mL
Oil	Topical	10 mg/1mL
Liquid	Topical	2 g/100g
Solution	Topical	30 mg/1mL
Solution	Topical	15 mg/1mL
Spray	Topical	20 mg/1mL
Solution	Topical	4.8 g/240mL
Aerosol, foam	Topical	.5 mL/100mL
Lotion	Topical	10 mg/1
Liquid	Topical	4 mL/200mL
Gel	Topical	2000 mg/1g
Gel	Topical	21.2 mg/100mL
Lotion	Topical	3 g/100g
Suspension	Topical	0.56 g/29mL
Liquid	Topical	3 g/100g
Aerosol, foam	Topical	0.7 mg/1mL
Cream	Topical	1. g/100g
Lotion / shampoo	Topical	20 mg/1mL
Rinse	Topical	17.575 mg/1mL
Rinse	Topical	18.13 mg/1mL
Gel	Topical	2.0 %
Solution	Topical	1.0 mg/200mL
Soap	Topical	0.4 g/100g
Lotion / shampoo	Topical	18.5 mg/1mL
Solution
Patch	Topical; Transdermal	0.0401 g
Shampoo	Topical	0.1 1/300mL
Liquid	Topical	0.02 kg/1kg
Liquid	Topical	1.6 g/320mL
Liquid	Topical	3 %
Gel	Topical
Lotion	Topical	1.184 mL/59.2mL
Gel	Topical	17 g/100g
Liquid	Topical	0.003 g/1mL
Liquid	Topical	0.0001 g/1mL
Lotion	Topical	2.15 g/110mL
Liquid	Topical	1.2 g/120mL
Soap	Topical	1.35 g/135g
Cream	Topical	3 %
Gel	Topical	2 mg/2mL
Cream	Topical	0.5 mg/0.5mL
Shampoo	Topical	4.25 %
Liquid	Topical	20 g/1L
Gel	Topical	0.02 mL/1mL
Lotion	Topical	0.02 mL/1mL
Shampoo	Topical
Shampoo	Topical	0.5 g/100mL
Cream	Topical	0.5 %
Jelly	Topical	.5 %
Cream	Topical	.5 %
Cream	Topical	0.0015 g/15g
Shampoo	Topical	28 mg/1g
Rinse	Topical	15 mg/1mL
Cream	Topical	100 mg/1g
Gel	Topical	6 g/100g
Shampoo	Topical	5 g/100mL
Shampoo	Topical	6 g/92.6mL
Gel	Topical	3 g/100g
Gel	Topical	5 g/100g
Gel	Topical	6 %
Lotion	Topical	15 mg/1mL
Cream	Topical	0.15105 g/15mL
Liquid	Topical	5.88 mg/1mL
Cream	Topical	0.025 mg/5mL
Cream	Topical	2.0 mCi/100mL
Solution	Topical	5 mg/1mL
Liquid	Topical	0.5 g/100mL
Liquid	Topical	0.6 g/100mL
Ointment	Topical	53.3 g
Gel	Cutaneous
Patch	Topical	2 g/1
Patch	Topical	0.005 g/1
Patch	Topical	5 g/1
Cream; suspension	Topical	0.5 %
Gel	Topical	10 mg/1mL
Spray	Topical	4.72 mL/118mL
Cloth	Topical	.6 mL/60mL
Gel	Topical	.75 mL/50mL
Gel	Topical	0.425 mL/25mL
Paste	Topical	0.75 mL/150mL
Stick	Topical	36 mg/1.8g
Shampoo	Topical	0.1 mg/100mL
Liquid	Topical	0.25 mg/100mL
Ointment	Topical	53.33 g
Liquid	Topical	.75 %
Shampoo	Topical	29 mg/1mL
Aerosol, foam	Topical	5 mg/1g
Plaster	Topical	0.4 g/1g
Plaster	Topical	0.40 g/1g
Liquid	Topical	17 mg/100mg
Swab	Topical	.02 mL/1
Gel	Topical	19.8 mg/1g
Disc	Topical	40 %
Soap	Topical	2 g/100mL
Shampoo	Topical	1.8 g/100mL
Plaster	Topical	40 g/100g
Patch	Topical	0.056 mg/1
Plaster	Topical	2.068 mg/1
Plaster	Topical	3.175 mg/1
Plaster	Topical	5.51 mg/1
Shampoo	Topical	2 g / 100 g
Solution	Topical	14.8 g
Shampoo	Topical	0.03 g/1g
Liquid	Topical	0.02 mg/1mL
Patch	Topical	0.5 mg/100mg
Patch	Topical	5 mg/1g
Cream	Topical	2.016 g/112g
Liquid	Topical	0.5 mg/100mg
Lotion	Topical	30 mg/1mL
Solution	Topical	0.15 mg/30mL
Cloth	Topical	1 g/100g
Shampoo	Topical	0.2 1/300g
Liquid	Topical	150 mg/1mL
Plaster	Topical	4 mg/1
Ointment	Topical	40 %
Lotion	Topical	0.501 g/100mL
Liquid	Topical	0.3 g/120mL
Solution	Topical	0.10 g/25mL
Lotion	Topical	1.5 g/100mL
Injection, solution	Intramuscular	1000 mg
Injection, solution	Intramuscular; Intravenous	1 g/5ml
Liquid	Topical	0.06 g/1mL
Shampoo	Topical	0.06 g/1mL
Emulsion	Topical	1 g/100g
Liquid	Topical	0.75 g/100g
Liquid	Topical	1 g/1001
Cream	Topical	30 mL/100mL
Lotion	Topical	10 mg/1mL
Liquid	Topical	1.0 mL/100mL
Lotion	Topical	0.5 mg/1mL
Shampoo	Topical	0.01 g/100mL
Cream	Topical	20 mg/1g
Gel	Topical	0.7 g/100mL
Gel	Topical	0.02 g/1g
Swab	Topical	0.5 g/100mL
Swab	Topical	2 mL/100mL
Gel	Topical	1.0 mg/1g
Aerosol, foam	Topical	20 mg/1g
Strip	Topical	20 mg/1
Liquid	Topical	1.8 %
Cloth	Topical	20 mg/1
Lotion	Topical	5 mg/1mL
Suspension	Topical	20 mg/1mL
Gel	Topical	20 mg/1g
Lotion	Topical	2.0 %
Cream	Topical	5.5 mg/1g
Liquid	Topical	5 mg/1g
Gel	Topical	1.5 %
Cream	Topical	1.0 %
Powder	Topical	5 mg/1g
Spray	Topical	5 mg/1mL
Cream	Topical	20 mg/1mL
Ointment	Topical	2 g/100g
Gel	Topical	1 mL/100mL
Gel	Topical	3 mg/15mL
Liquid	Topical	1 g/50g
Gel	Topical	0.1 g/20mL
Soap	Topical	0.01 g/1g
Cloth	Topical	0.02 g/1g
Cloth	Topical	.05 mg/100mg
Lotion	Topical	5 g/1000mL
Gel	Topical	5 g/1000mL
Gel	Topical	5.5 g/1000mL
Solution, gel forming / drops	Topical	20 mg/1mL
Cream	Topical
Shampoo	Topical	9 mg/500g
Liquid	Topical	170 mg / g
Cloth	Topical	20.5 mg/1mL
Liquid	Topical	2.5 g/125g
Lotion	Topical	20.6 mg/1mL
Lotion	Topical	20 mg/1mL
Liquid	Topical	18 mg/1mL
Gel	Topical	3 g/150g
Gel	Topical	4 mg/177mg
Cream	Topical	.5 mL/50mL
Gel	Topical	1.15 mL/115mL
Gel	Topical	.06 mL/15mL
Liquid	Topical	19.6 mg/1mL
Solution / drops	Ophthalmic
Patch	Topical	0.4 g/1g
Soap	Topical	0.27 g/55g
Soap	Topical	0.50 g/100g
Soap	Topical	0.40 g/80g
Solution	Topical	10 mg/1mL
Swab	Topical	5 mg/1
Solution	Topical	5 mg/1g
Lotion	Topical	5 mg/1g
Suspension	Topical	0.5 %
Lotion	Topical	2 %
Swab	Topical	2 %
Swab	Topical	.5 %
Patch	Topical	5 mg/1
Cream	Topical	30 mg/1g
Plaster	Topical	0.4 g/1
Paste	Topical	0.57 g
Paste	Topical
Kit	Topical	5 mg/1g
Kit; lotion; solution	Topical
Patch	Topical	0.5 1/1
Patch	Topical	4 mg/1
Plaster	Topical	17.67 mg/44.18mg
Strip	Topical	4.42 mg/1
Plaster	Topical	11.04 mg/1
Patch	Topical
Cream	Topical	1 mg/20mg
Rinse	Topical	2 g/100g
Liquid	Topical	0.025 g/1
Liquid	Topical	2.0 mL/100mL
Cream	Topical	15 mg/1mL
Concentrate	Topical	2 g/100mL
Gel	Topical	2.0 g/100mL
Liquid	Topical	0.05 g/100mL
Solution	Topical	0.013 mg/2.5mL
Liquid	Topical	.7 %
Cream	Topical	0.02 g/1mL
Cream	Topical	100 mg / g
Solution	Oral
Patch	Topical	40 mg/100mg
Liquid	Dental
Solution	Topical
Gel	Topical	0.008776 g/1mL
Ointment	Topical	5 % w/w
Lotion	Topical	1.8 mg/180mg
Spray	Topical	2 mg/100mL
Lotion	Topical	0.5 mg/100mL
Lotion / shampoo	Topical	2 g/100mL
Cream	Topical	0.02 g/1000mL
Lotion	Topical	2 mg/100mL
Gel	Topical	5 mg/1000mL
Solution	Topical	5 mg/1000mL
Cream	Topical	1.5 g/100g
Liquid	Topical	2 mg/100mL
Cream	Topical	0.01 g/1g
Gel	Topical	0.2 g/100mL
Lotion / shampoo	Topical	0.02 g/1000mL
Gel	Topical	0.5 mg/100mL
Liquid	Topical	0.5 %
Lotion	Topical	0.5 %
Swab	Topical	0.5 %
Liquid	Topical	0.02 g/45mL
Gel	Topical	1.77 g/59mL
Cream	Topical	2.26 g/113g
Cream	Topical	1.1 g/56.7g
Soap	Topical	3 g/100g
Shampoo	Topical	3 g/100g
Cream	Topical	2.5 g/100g
Cream	Topical	3 g/100g
Gel	Topical	3 g/100mL
Cream	Topical	3 g/100mL
Liquid	Topical	1.8 g/100mL
Gel	Topical	0.0001 g/120g
Gel	Topical	0.012 g/120g
Patch	Topical	0.6 g/100mm
Cream	Topical	0.5 ug/1mL
Solution	Buccal
Solution	Intragingival; Oropharyngeal
Liquid	Topical	0.003 g/ml
Cream	Topical	17 g/100g
Liquid	Topical	2 mg/1mL
Liquid	Topical	1.5 g/1
Shampoo	Topical	2 g/100mL
Swab	Topical	20 mg/1mL
Spray	Topical	4.8 mL/240mL
Soap	Topical	0.6 g/100g
Cream	Topical	2 mL/100mL
Patch	Topical	0.04 g/40mL
Cream	Topical	3 g/150mL
Swab	Topical	0.02 mg/1mL
Liquid	Topical	1 mL/100mL
Stick	Topical	1 %
Soap	Topical	0.3 g/100g
Swab	Topical	21 mg/1
Lotion	Topical	0.18 g/30g
Lotion	Topical	0.95 %
Shampoo	Topical	0.25 g/100mL
Soap	Topical	1.2 g/1.2g
Cream	Topical	0.5 g/0.5g
Gel	Topical	0.72 g/0.72g
Plaster	Topical	14.13 mg/1
Cream	Topical	24 g/400g
Lotion	Topical	24.84 mg/414mL
Lotion	Topical	60 mg/1mL
Gel	Topical	1.2 g/60g
Lotion	Topical	1 g/1g
Cream	Topical	6 g/100g
Gel	Topical	0.17 g/1g
Gel	Topical	0.21 g/1.25g
Gel	Topical	60 mg/1g
Kit	Topical	60 mg/1g
Kit	Topical	60 mg/1mL
Liquid	Topical	0.17 g/9.8mL
Liquid	Topical	0.17 mg/151mL
Liquid	Topical	0.17 mg/9mL
Liquid	Topical	0.17 mg/15mL
Liquid	Topical	0.17 mg/9.8mL
Liquid	Topical	0.17 g/9mL
Liquid	Topical	0.17 mg/9.8g
Liquid	Topical	2.1 g/14.7mL
Liquid	Topical	260 mg/1mL
Liquid	Topical	275 mg/1mL
Lotion	Topical	0.5 g/60mL
Lotion	Topical	6 g/100mL
Lotion	Topical	6 mg/100mL
Lotion	Topical	60 mg/1g
Ointment	Topical	30 mg/1g
Patch	Topical	40 mg/121
Patch	Topical	40 mg/61
Patch	Topical	40 mg/81
Patch	Topical	40 mg/181
Patch	Topical	40 mg/41
Patch	Topical	40 mg/141
Patch	Topical	40 mg/91
Patch	Topical	40 mg/241
Patch	Topical	400 mg/1g
Plaster	Topical	0.4 g/141
Plaster	Topical	0.4 g/181
Plaster	Topical	0.4 g/1411
Plaster	Topical	40 mg/141
Powder	Not applicable	1 g/1g
Shampoo	Topical	2 g/100g
Shampoo	Topical	6 mg/100mL
Shampoo	Topical	60 mg/1g
Solution	Topical	275 mg/1mL
Solution	Topical	285 mg/1mL
Cream	Topical	2 % w/w
Suspension	Topical
Strip	Topical	40 mg/1
Tablet	Topical	2 g/1001
Soap	Topical	3.5 %
Gel	Topical	.01 mg/1g
Liquid	Intravenous	570 mg / mL
Ointment	Topical
Gel	Topical	15 mg/1mL
Lotion	Topical	1.66 g/1.66g
Gel	Topical	2 g/2g
Cream	Topical	60 mg/1g
Lotion	Topical	0.06 g/1mL
Aerosol, foam	Topical	6 g/100g
Aerosol, foam	Topical	3.88 g/70g
Soap	Topical	0.54 g/100mL
Gel	Topical	0.54 g/100.00mL
Gel	Topical	2.18 g/100.00mL
Solution	Topical	8.85 % w/v
Liquid	Topical	12 g/100mL
Ointment	Topical	6 % w/w
Liquid	Topical	30 mg/1g
Liquid	Topical	0.01 mg/1mg
Solution	Topical	2.8 % w/w
Liquid	Topical	17 %
Liquid	Topical	1.7 mg/1mL
Disc	Topical	0.4 g/1g
Liquid	Oral
Liquid	Topical	1 g/100mL
Liquid	Topical	1.22 g/490mL
Gel	Topical	0.4 g/200g
Gel	Topical	8 g/100g
Solution	Topical	1 % w/w
Paste	Topical	1 g/100g
Gel	Topical	1 g/100g
Shampoo	Topical	0.2 mg/100mL
Liquid; shampoo	Topical
Shampoo	Topical	0.02 g/1mL
Lotion	Topical	6.3 % w/v
Gel	Topical	154 mg/30mL
Cream	Topical	1.8 %
Liquid	Topical
Patch	Topical	32 mg/1
Liquid	Topical	1.5 mg/100mL
Rinse	Topical	0.50 mL/100mL
Liquid	Topical	20 g/2mL
Liquid	Topical	5 g/2mL
Cream	Topical	1.8 mg/1g
Kit	Topical	2 g/100mL
Liquid	Topical	4 g/100g
Liquid	Topical	0.2 g/1g
Ointment	Topical	1.8 g/50g
Gel	Topical	.5 g/100g
Cloth	Topical	2 g/100g
Liquid	Topical	20 mg/1
Spray	Topical	9.72 mg/1mL
Solution	Topical	17 %
Shampoo	Topical	18 mg/1L
Liquid	Topical	0.005 g/100mL
Liquid	Topical	0.01 g/100mL
Gel	Topical	0.001 g/100mL
Cream	Topical	2.0 %
Liquid	Topical	0.009506 g/100mL
Cream	Topical	0.065 mg/13mL
Solution	Topical
Gel	Topical
Emulsion	Topical	0.02 g/1g
Emulsion	Topical	0.01 g/1g
Lotion	Topical	0.02 g/1g
Emulsion	Topical	0.01 g/1mL
Emulsion	Topical	0.02 mL/1mL
Emulsion	Topical	0.02 g/1mL
Emulsion	Topical	0.01 mL/1mL
Liquid	Topical	2.2 %
Soap	Topical	0.01 mL/1mL
Soap	Topical	0.02 mL/1mL
Soap	Topical	0.02 g/1g
Gel	Cutaneous; Topical	0.572 mg/50000mg
Gel	Topical	2 g/100mL
Liquid	Topical	0.1 g/1
Ointment	Topical	20 mg/1g
Oil	Topical	15 mg/1mL
Lotion	Topical	0.95 % w/v
Cream	Topical
Shampoo	Topical	2 %
Suspension	Topical	2 %
Shampoo	Topical	3 %
Gel	Topical	1.5 g/100mL
Solution	Topical	170 mg/1mL
Ointment	Topical	3 g/100g
Stick	Topical	12.0 g/100g
Stick	Topical	15.0 g/100g
Lotion	Topical	1.0 g/100g
Lotion	Topical	0.02 g/1
Liquid	Cutaneous	10 mg/1mL
Gel	Cutaneous	5 mg/1mL
Ointment	Topical	0.14 g/28g
Cream	Topical	1 g/50g
Spray	Topical
Shampoo	Topical	18 mg/1mL
Shampoo	Topical	9 g/500g
Solution	Topical	2 % w/v
Ointment	Topical	5 % w/w
Liquid	Topical	0.2 g/100g
Liquid	Topical	.0024 mg/.120mg
Tablet	Oral
Plaster	Topical	15 %
Patch	Transdermal
Shampoo	Topical	3 g/100mL
Soap	Topical	1 g/100g
Liquid	Topical	0.1 mg/1mL
Cream	Topical	2 g/100mL
Cream	Topical	0.005 g/1mL
Emulsion	Topical	20 mg/1g
Tape	Topical	4 mg/1
Solution	Topical	8 g/100g
Patch	Topical	0.4 g/100g
Liquid	Topical	170 mg/1mL
Liquid	Topical	17 mL/10mL
Syrup	Cutaneous
Liquid	Topical	2 mL/100mL
Disc	Topical	17.67 mg/44.18mg
Liquid	Topical	0.15 g/100mL
Spray	Topical	15 mg/1mL
Lotion	Topical	20 mg/1g
Emulsion	Topical	1.2 g/120mL
Liquid	Topical	30 mg/1mL
Plaster	Topical	40 mL/1
Liquid	Topical	0.17 g/1g
Solution	Topical	10 g/100mL
Liquid	Topical	2.51 mL/14.78mL
Stick	Topical	.4 g/1g
Liquid	Topical	0.02 g/1g
Gel	Topical	4 g/200g
Swab	Topical	0.5 g/100g
Swab	Topical	1 g/100g
Swab	Topical	2 g/100g
Lotion	Topical	2 % w/v
Soap	Topical	0.001 g/0.1g
Soap	Topical	1 mg/100g
Solution	Topical	280 mg/1g
Ointment	Cutaneous
Shampoo	Topical	10 g/325g
Gel	Topical	5 mg/237mg
Gel	Topical	0.75 mg/150mL
Plaster	Topical	40 g/1
Plaster	Topical; Transdermal	40 g/1
Plaster	Topical
Plaster	Topical	156 mg/1
Soap	Topical	0.5 g/110g
Liquid	Topical	5.3 g/265mL
Gel	Topical	1.0 g/100mL
Cloth	Topical	5 mg/1mL
Suspension	Topical	10 mg/1g
Stick	Topical	1 g/100g
Gel	Topical	1.0 mg/100mL
Strip	Topical	5 mg/1mL
Cream	Topical	10 mg/1mL
Cream	Topical	5 mg/1mL
Solution	Topical	2.0 mg/100mL
Cream	Topical	0.47 g/100mL
Cream	Topical	0.47 mL/100mL
Liquid	Topical	0.47 g/100mL
Liquid	Topical	0.47 mL/100mL
Gel	Topical	0.47 mL/100mL
Gel	Topical	0.47 g/100mL
Cloth	Cutaneous	20 mg/1300mg
Gel	Topical	0.06 g/25mL
Liquid	Topical	0.4 g/100mL
Kit	Topical	20 mg/1mL
Stick	Topical	20 mg/1g
Patch	Topical	20 mg/1mL
Emulsion	Topical
Liquid	Ophthalmic
Gel

Prices

Unit description	Cost	Unit
Keralyt scalp complete kit	67.8USD	kit
Keralyt 6% Gel 100 gm Tube	51.99USD	tube
Keralyt 6% Gel 40 gm Tube	49.99USD	tube
Compound W 17% Liquid 9.3ml Bottle	11.99USD	bottle
Keralyt 3% Gel 28.4 gm Tube	11.35USD	tube
Sastid soap	4.32USD	each
Salicylic acid 6% gel	1.14USD	g
Salactic film solution	0.74USD	ml
Compound w pads	0.5USD	each
Keralyt 6% gel	0.5USD	g
Freezone corn-callus liquid	0.42USD	ml
Keralyt 3% gel	0.39USD	g
Salicylic acid 6% shampoo	0.21USD	ml
Ionil plus 2% shampoo	0.05USD	ml
Ionil t plus shampoo	0.05USD	ml

DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.

Patents

Not Available

State

Solid

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Source
melting point (°C)	158 °C	PhysProp
boiling point (°C)	211 °C at 2.00E+01 mm Hg	PhysProp
water solubility	2240 mg/L (at 25 °C)	YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)
logP	2.26	HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
logS	-1.82	ADME Research, USCD
Caco2 permeability	-4.79	ADME Research, USCD
pKa	2.97	SERJEANT,EP & DEMPSEY,B (1979)

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	11.3 mg/mL	ALOGPS
logP	1.96	ALOGPS
logP	1.98	ChemAxon
logS	-1.1	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	2.79	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-6.3	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	-1	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	3	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	2	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	57.53 Å2	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	1	ChemAxon
Refractivity	35.3 m3·mol-1	ChemAxon
Polarizability	12.81 Å3	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	1	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	1	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Predicted ADMET Features

Property	Value	Probability
Human Intestinal Absorption	+	0.9756
Blood Brain Barrier	+	0.6165
Caco-2 permeable	+	0.8867
P-glycoprotein substrate	Non-substrate	0.734
P-glycoprotein inhibitor I	Non-inhibitor	0.9815
P-glycoprotein inhibitor II	Non-inhibitor	0.9937
Renal organic cation transporter	Non-inhibitor	0.9167
CYP450 2C9 substrate	Non-substrate	0.7962
CYP450 2D6 substrate	Non-substrate	0.9233
CYP450 3A4 substrate	Non-substrate	0.766
CYP450 1A2 substrate	Non-inhibitor	0.9517
CYP450 2C9 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.7984
CYP450 2D6 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9659
CYP450 2C19 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.7644
CYP450 3A4 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.8675
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity	Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity	0.8525
Ames test	Non AMES toxic	0.9829
Carcinogenicity	Non-carcinogens	0.8627
Biodegradation	Ready biodegradable	0.8086
Rat acute toxicity	2.2160 LD50, mol/kg	Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)	Weak inhibitor	0.9631
hERG inhibition (predictor II)	Non-inhibitor	0.9734

ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Mass Spec (NIST)

Download (8.17 KB)

Spectra

Spectrum	Spectrum Type	Splash Key
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (2 TMS)	GC-MS	splash10-014i-3890000000-62eae168a9d7ab3ada6f
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS	Not Available
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B	GC-MS	splash10-00du-9700000000-e1e2ee6b61d86c596403
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS	GC-MS	splash10-014i-3890000000-62eae168a9d7ab3ada6f
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF	GC-MS	splash10-014i-2960000000-1b6b46cbb2b643b71448
Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)	MS	splash10-00du-9600000000-6d4a0ff2d48d814b5c54
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-059j-9600000000-54545731fceee84be340
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-00xu-9500000000-2f1c989b672669aaf083
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0gb9-9000000000-a0049e982e8ecd7ab730
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-000i-0900000000-f1e71df6894bcc8dda74
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0006-9200000000-f9fd317c182ec7ca90dc
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0006-9000000000-2b17aea4ee0ddd6321cf
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0006-9000000000-320b7cd879b61439cf42
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0006-9000000000-7d1b96d60026076a7ecc
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	Not Available
MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF , Negative	LC-MS/MS	Not Available
MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF 10V, Negative	LC-MS/MS	Not Available
MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF , Negative	LC-MS/MS	Not Available
MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF 10V, Negative	LC-MS/MS	Not Available
MS/MS Spectrum - DI-ESI-qTof , Positive	LC-MS/MS	Not Available
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0006-9400000000-b0fb5458dfa73429b976
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0006-9400000000-b0fb5458dfa73429b976
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0006-9100000000-237ee14e8af5262c0dab
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0006-9000000000-3ec5d7a9114e37b8af2a
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0006-9000000000-d8fdab29114453b10280
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0006-9000000000-4a337e3639c9f42a9000
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0006-9000000000-2deb0e843e099fdcea99
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-00kf-9000000000-951b374b351c5534628a
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-014l-9000000000-4ea52d5aa4344a40c007
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-000i-0900000000-f1e71df6894bcc8dda74
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0006-9200000000-65f3f297188dc07b53be
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0006-9000000000-2b17aea4ee0ddd6321cf
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0006-9000000000-320b7cd879b61439cf42
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0006-9000000000-7d1b96d60026076a7ecc
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-TOF , negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-000i-0900000000-f88c693bac9b89416a52
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-00di-0900000000-dd7c7e9bb99d16d9e3b3
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-00di-0900000000-2106a18c58cc09ba35d2
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-00di-0900000000-79094eef5dfa59aa3723
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-00di-1900000000-333f3c35ef30a1009fde
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-00di-3900000000-1650d1f6c5415fb2e6c3
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-01b9-9700000000-e00d66b41e77653cb63f
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-014i-9100000000-37a9d14bd1eea4079faa
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-014i-9000000000-38a1383fd22f1277e48e
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-014i-9000000000-af5a2b43adf8dc36435f
1H NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable
1H NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable
13C NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable
[1H,1H] 2D NMR Spectrum	2D NMR	Not Applicable
[1H,13C] 2D NMR Spectrum	2D NMR	Not Applicable

Targets

Build, predict & validate machine-learning models

Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock new
insights and accelerate drug research.

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Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Yes

Actions

Inhibitor

General Function

Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity

Specific Function

Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Involved in the constitutive production of prostanoids in particular in the stomach and platelets. In gas...

Gene Name

PTGS1

Uniprot ID

P23219

Uniprot Name

Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1

Molecular Weight

68685.82 Da

References

1. Moon C, Ahn M, Jee Y, Heo S, Kim S, Kim H, Sim KB, Koh CS, Shin YG, Shin T: Sodium salicylate-induced amelioration of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats is associated with the suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenases. Neurosci Lett. 2004 Feb 12;356(2):123-6. [Article]
2. Graham GG, Scott KF: Mechanisms of action of paracetamol and related analgesics. Inflammopharmacology. 2003;11(4):401-13. [Article]
3. Sun R, Carlson NG, Hemmert AC, Kishore BK: P2Y2 receptor-mediated release of prostaglandin E2 by IMCD is altered in hydrated and dehydrated rats: relevance to AVP-independent regulation of IMCD function. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2005 Sep;289(3):F585-92. Epub 2005 Apr 19. [Article]
4. Celik G, Pasaoglu G, Bavbek S, Abadoglu O, Dursun B, Mungan D, Misirligil Z: Tolerability of selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor, celecoxib, in patients with analgesic intolerance. J Asthma. 2005 Mar;42(2):127-31. [Article]
5. Liu X, Lee TL, Wong PT: Cyclooxygenase-1 inhibition shortens the duration of diazepam-induced loss of righting reflex in mice. Anesth Analg. 2006 Jan;102(1):135-40. [Article]
6. Vane JR: Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis as a mechanism of action for aspirin-like drugs. Nat New Biol. 1971 Jun 23;231(25):232-5. [Article]
7. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Yes

Actions

Inhibitor

General Function

Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity

Specific Function

Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Constitutively expressed in some tissues in physiological conditions, such as the endothelium, kidney and...

Gene Name

PTGS2

Uniprot ID

P35354

Uniprot Name

Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2

Molecular Weight

68995.625 Da

References

1. Graham GG, Scott KF: Mechanisms of action of paracetamol and related analgesics. Inflammopharmacology. 2003;11(4):401-13. [Article]
2. Fiebich BL, Chrubasik S: Effects of an ethanolic salix extract on the release of selected inflammatory mediators in vitro. Phytomedicine. 2004 Feb;11(2-3):135-8. [Article]
3. Chae HJ, Chae SW, Reed JC, Kim HR: Salicylate regulates COX-2 expression through ERK and subsequent NF-kappaB activation in osteoblasts. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2004 Feb;26(1):75-91. [Article]
4. Wu KK: Aspirin and other cyclooxygenase inhibitors: new therapeutic insights. Semin Vasc Med. 2003 May;3(2):107-12. [Article]
5. Elvira C, Gallardo A, Lacroix N, Schacht E, San Roman J: Incorporation of salicylic acid derivatives to hydrophilic copolymer systems with biomedical applications. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2001 Jun;12(6):535-42. [Article]
6. Vane JR: Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis as a mechanism of action for aspirin-like drugs. Nat New Biol. 1971 Jun 23;231(25):232-5. [Article]
7. Zheng L, Howell SJ, Hatala DA, Huang K, Kern TS: Salicylate-based anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit the early lesion of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes. 2007 Feb;56(2):337-45. [Article]

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Unknown

Actions

Inhibitor

General Function

Trans-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol dehydrogenase activity

Specific Function

Converts progesterone to its inactive form, 20-alpha-dihydroxyprogesterone (20-alpha-OHP). In the liver and intestine, may have a role in the transport of bile. May have a role in monitoring the in...

Gene Name

AKR1C1

Uniprot ID

Q04828

Uniprot Name

Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1

Molecular Weight

36788.02 Da

References

1. Dhagat U, Carbone V, Chung RP, Matsunaga T, Endo S, Hara A, El-Kabbani O: A salicylic acid-based analogue discovered from virtual screening as a potent inhibitor of human 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Med Chem. 2007 Nov;3(6):546-50. [Article]

Enzymes

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Unknown

Actions

Substrate

General Function

Steroid hydroxylase activity

Specific Function

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...

Gene Name

CYP2C9

Uniprot ID

P11712

Uniprot Name

Cytochrome P450 2C9

Molecular Weight

55627.365 Da

References

1. Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article]
2. Bojic M, Sedgeman CA, Nagy LD, Guengerich FP: Aromatic hydroxylation of salicylic acid and aspirin by human cytochromes P450. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2015 Jun 20;73:49-56. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.03.015. Epub 2015 Mar 31. [Article]

Carriers

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

No

Actions

Other/unknown

General Function

Toxic substance binding

Specific Function

Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloid...

Gene Name

ALB

Uniprot ID

P02768

Uniprot Name

Serum albumin

Molecular Weight

69365.94 Da

References

1. Bertucci C, Wainer IW: Improved chromatographic performance of a modified human albumin based stationary phase. Chirality. 1997;9(4):335-40. [Article]
2. Xiao HR, Sheng LQ, Shi CH, Xu XL, Xie YS, Liu QL: [Fluorescence study on the interaction of salicylic acid and bovine serum albumin]. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi. 2004 Jan;24(1):78-81. [Article]
3. Yin T, Wei W, Yang L, Liu K, Gao X: Kinetics parameter estimation for the binding process of salicylic acid to human serum albumin (HSA) with capacitive sensing technique. J Biochem Biophys Methods. 2007 Jun 10;70(4):587-93. Epub 2007 Jan 27. [Article]
4. Yu T, Tao Z: [Fluorescence study on the interaction of salicylic acid and human serum albumin]. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi. 1999 Jun;19(3):453-5. [Article]

Transporters

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Unknown

Actions

Inhibitor

General Function

Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity

Specific Function

Involved in the renal elimination of endogenous and exogenous organic anions. Functions as organic anion exchanger when the uptake of one molecule of organic anion is coupled with an efflux of one ...

Gene Name

SLC22A6

Uniprot ID

Q4U2R8

Uniprot Name

Solute carrier family 22 member 6

Molecular Weight

61815.78 Da

References

1. Cihlar T, Ho ES: Fluorescence-based assay for the interaction of small molecules with the human renal organic anion transporter 1. Anal Biochem. 2000 Jul 15;283(1):49-55. [Article]
2. Takeda M, Khamdang S, Narikawa S, Kimura H, Hosoyamada M, Cha SH, Sekine T, Endou H: Characterization of methotrexate transport and its drug interactions with human organic anion transporters. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Aug;302(2):666-71. [Article]
3. Race JE, Grassl SM, Williams WJ, Holtzman EJ: Molecular cloning and characterization of two novel human renal organic anion transporters (hOAT1 and hOAT3). Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Feb 16;255(2):508-14. [Article]
4. Uwai Y, Saito H, Inui K: Interaction between methotrexate and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in organic anion transporter. Eur J Pharmacol. 2000 Dec 1;409(1):31-6. [Article]
5. Apiwattanakul N, Sekine T, Chairoungdua A, Kanai Y, Nakajima N, Sophasan S, Endou H: Transport properties of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by organic anion transporter 1 expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Mol Pharmacol. 1999 May;55(5):847-54. [Article]

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Unknown

Actions

Inhibitor

General Function

Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity

Specific Function

Not Available

Gene Name

SLC22A10

Uniprot ID

Q63ZE4

Uniprot Name

Solute carrier family 22 member 10

Molecular Weight

60256.57 Da

References

1. Youngblood GL, Sweet DH: Identification and functional assessment of the novel murine organic anion transporter Oat5 (Slc22a19) expressed in kidney. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2004 Aug;287(2):F236-44. Epub 2004 Apr 6. [Article]

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Unknown

Actions

Inhibitor

General Function

Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity

Specific Function

Plays an important role in the excretion/detoxification of endogenous and exogenous organic anions, especially from the brain and kidney. Involved in the transport basolateral of steviol, fexofenad...

Gene Name

SLC22A8

Uniprot ID

Q8TCC7

Uniprot Name

Solute carrier family 22 member 8

Molecular Weight

59855.585 Da

References

1. Cha SH, Sekine T, Fukushima JI, Kanai Y, Kobayashi Y, Goya T, Endou H: Identification and characterization of human organic anion transporter 3 expressing predominantly in the kidney. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 May;59(5):1277-86. [Article]
2. Takeda M, Khamdang S, Narikawa S, Kimura H, Hosoyamada M, Cha SH, Sekine T, Endou H: Characterization of methotrexate transport and its drug interactions with human organic anion transporters. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Aug;302(2):666-71. [Article]
3. Ohtsuki S, Kikkawa T, Mori S, Hori S, Takanaga H, Otagiri M, Terasaki T: Mouse reduced in osteosclerosis transporter functions as an organic anion transporter 3 and is localized at abluminal membrane of blood-brain barrier. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Jun;309(3):1273-81. Epub 2004 Feb 4. [Article]

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Unknown

Actions

Inhibitor

General Function

Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity

Specific Function

Mediates saturable uptake of estrone sulfate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and related compounds.

Gene Name

SLC22A11

Uniprot ID

Q9NSA0

Uniprot Name

Solute carrier family 22 member 11

Molecular Weight

59970.945 Da

References

1. Cha SH, Sekine T, Kusuhara H, Yu E, Kim JY, Kim DK, Sugiyama Y, Kanai Y, Endou H: Molecular cloning and characterization of multispecific organic anion transporter 4 expressed in the placenta. J Biol Chem. 2000 Feb 11;275(6):4507-12. [Article]

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Unknown

Actions

Substrate

General Function

Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity

Specific Function

Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as taurocholate, the prostaglandins PGD2, PGE1, PGE2, leukotriene C4, thromboxane B2 and iloprost.

Gene Name

SLCO2B1

Uniprot ID

O94956

Uniprot Name

Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1

Molecular Weight

76709.98 Da

References

1. Satoh H, Yamashita F, Tsujimoto M, Murakami H, Koyabu N, Ohtani H, Sawada Y: Citrus juices inhibit the function of human organic anion-transporting polypeptide OATP-B. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Apr;33(4):518-23. Epub 2005 Jan 7. [Article]

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Unknown

Actions

Substrate

General Function

Symporter activity

Specific Function

Proton-coupled monocarboxylate transporter. Catalyzes the rapid transport across the plasma membrane of many monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate, branched-chain oxo acids derived from leucin...

Gene Name

SLC16A1

Uniprot ID

P53985

Uniprot Name

Monocarboxylate transporter 1

Molecular Weight

53943.685 Da

References

1. Tamai I, Sai Y, Ono A, Kido Y, Yabuuchi H, Takanaga H, Satoh E, Ogihara T, Amano O, Izeki S, Tsuji A: Immunohistochemical and functional characterization of pH-dependent intestinal absorption of weak organic acids by the monocarboxylic acid transporter MCT1. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1999 Oct;51(10):1113-21. [Article]

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Unknown

Actions

Substrate

General Function

Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity

Specific Function

Mediates sodium-independent multispecific organic anion transport. Transport of prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin F2, tetracycline, bumetanide, estrone sulfate, glutarate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulf...

Gene Name

SLC22A7

Uniprot ID

Q9Y694

Uniprot Name

Solute carrier family 22 member 7

Molecular Weight

60025.025 Da

References

1. Kobayashi Y, Ohshiro N, Shibusawa A, Sasaki T, Tokuyama S, Sekine T, Endou H, Yamamoto T: Isolation, characterization and differential gene expression of multispecific organic anion transporter 2 in mice. Mol Pharmacol. 2002 Jul;62(1):7-14. [Article]
2. Sekine T, Cha SH, Tsuda M, Apiwattanakul N, Nakajima N, Kanai Y, Endou H: Identification of multispecific organic anion transporter 2 expressed predominantly in the liver. FEBS Lett. 1998 Jun 12;429(2):179-82. [Article]
3. Morita N, Kusuhara H, Sekine T, Endou H, Sugiyama Y: Functional characterization of rat organic anion transporter 2 in LLC-PK1 cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Sep;298(3):1179-84. [Article]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at December 01, 2021 01:05

Amway Vitamin C Extended Release

Source: https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00936